Zambia is a landlocked country in southern Africa, bordered by eight other countries. Its location at the heart of the continent has led to a rich and diverse heritage, with influences from neighbouring countries and its own unique cultural traditions. The country's economy has been transformed in recent years, buoyed by a surge in foreign investment and the development of its resources sector. However, Zambia is still one of the least developed countries in the region, with high poverty and inequality levels.
Expat destinations in Zambia
Demographics of Zambia:
Ethnic groups
Lozi: 10.6%
Bemba: 22.2%
Chewa: 7.5%
Lunda: 6.3%
Ng'wi: 1.6%
Other: 20.2%
Tonga: 18.6%
Nyanja: 7.2%
Tswana: 13.1%
Languages
Lala: spoken by approximately 0.3% of the population
Lozi: (also known as Siyoka): spoken by approximately 10.6% of the population
Ushi: spoken by approximately 0.3% of the population
Bemba: (also known as Burya or Lambya): spoken by approximately 22% of the population
Chewa: (also known as Nyanja): spoken by approximately 7.5% of the population
Lunda: (also known as Chokwe): spoken by approximately 6.3% of the population
Other: spoken by approximately 32.1% of the population
Tonga: (also known as Ng'wuni): spoken by approximately 18.6% of the population
Tswana: (also known as Setswana): spoken by approximately 13.1% of the population
English: official
Religion Overview
Religion plays a significant role in Zambian society, with Christianity being the most widely practiced faith. Traditional African religions and Islam also have a presence in the country.
Major Religions
Climate
Zambia has a tropical climate, with hot and rainy summers (December to March) and cooler and drier winters (June to August). The country's location in the rain shadow of the Congo Basin means that some areas are prone to droughts, while others experience flooding.
Economy Overview
Zambia's economy has grown rapidly in recent years, driven by a mining boom and increased foreign investment. The country is rich in resources, with copper being a major export. However, the economy remains fragile and is heavily reliant on international markets.
Key Industries
- Mining
- Agriculture
- Manufacturing
- Tourism
Major Companies
- First Quantum Minerals
- Glencore
- Konkola Copper Mines
- Zamsure Nickel
- Lusaka Stock Exchange
Culture and Language Overview
Zambia's culture is shaped by its diverse population and varied geography. Music, dance, and storytelling are central to traditional African culture, with many communities preserving traditional practices alongside more modern influences.
Cultural Highlights
- Kalabushi Mine Memorial: honours the thousands of miners who lost their lives during Zambia's Africanisation era
- Shiwa Ng'andu: a historic European-style village showcasing the region's colonial heritage
- Lusaka Arcades Market: a bustling market in the capital city, selling everything from fresh produce to second-hand clothes and electronics
Geography and Landmarks Overview
Zambia's geography is hugely diverse, with the country spanning numerous biomes from dense rainforests to vast grasslands. Many areas of the country remain wild and unspoilt, making it an attractive destination for nature lovers.
Notable Landmarks
- Kafue National Park: one of the largest national parks in Africa, containing a rich variety of flora and fauna
- Victoria Falls: one of the world's largest waterfalls, straddling the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe
- Beyondo National Park: a UNESCO World Heritage Site and Africa's first transfrontier conservation area
National Holidays
- New Year's Day (1st January)
- Independence Day (24th October)
- Boxing Day (26th December)
- Labor Day (1st May)
- Good Friday (Date varies)
- Easter Sunday (Date varies)
- Easter Monday (Date varies)
- Ascension Day (Date varies)
- Whit Monday (Date varies)
Political Stability
Zambia has experienced significant political turmoil in recent years, with President Michael Sata's death in 2014 triggering a wave of unrest and protests. Tensions between the ruling party and opposition groups have also led to sporadic violence and political instability. The country's position as a key player in the region's political landscape means that international events can also impact its domestic politics.
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