Your guide to being an expatriate in Timor-Leste

Demographics of Timor-Leste:

Religion Overview

With over 97% of the population following the Catholic faith, Timor-Leste is predominantly Catholic. Muslim and Protestant communities also exist, albeit for smaller percentages.

Major Religions

Climate

The climate in Timor-Leste is tropical and varies between the island's east and west coasts. The east coast experiences heavy rainfall, hot temperatures, and high humidity levels, while the dry season prevails on the west coast. The annual average temperature ranges from 21°C to 28°C.

Economy Overview

Since gaining independence in 2002, Timor-Leste has made remarkable progress in developing its economy. The majority of the population relies on subsistence farming, while small-scale industries such as agriculture, fishing, and tourism also exist. Foreign investment in the mining industry has led to significant economic growth, as has the establishment of commercial farming enterprises.

Key Industries

• Agriculture
• Fishing
• Tourism
• Mining (particularly gold and coal)
• Commercial Farming

Major Companies

Culture and Language Overview

The culture of Timor-Leste is a unique blend of Portuguese, Indonesian, and traditional Tetum elements. Traditional dances, handicrafts, and festivals are an essential part of the country's cultural heritage. The cuisine of Timor-Leste features a variety of seafood dishes due to the country's strategic location in the Pacific Ocean.

Cultural Highlights

• Tais Festival: This festival is held annually in Dili and celebrates the weaving traditions of Timor-Leste. It includes traditional weaving exhibitions, workshops, and performances.
• Caita Festival: Hosted annually in the capital, Dili, this festival celebrates the country's independence and includes traditional dances, music, and food.
• Fataluku Heritage Festival: An annual celebration of the Fataluku culture, this festival features traditional dance performances, games, and crafts.
• Mamali Festival: This colorful festival takes place annually on Ataúro Island and celebrates the local culture, with traditional dances, music, and games.
• Eid al-Fitr: A significant religious event in Timor-Leste's Muslim community, Eid al-Fitr marks the end of Ramadan.

Geography and Landmarks Overview

Timor-Leste is located in the Indonesian archipelago and shares land borders with Indonesia's West Timor. The north coast of Timor-Leste faces the Pacific Ocean, while the south coast overlooks the Timor Sea. The country's landscape is characterized by rolling hills, deep valleys, and rugged coastlines.

Notable Landmarks

• Tutuala: This remote volcanic island is an untouched paradise and a UNESCO World Heritage site
• Laleia's Petroglyphs: These ancient rock carvings, dating back thousands of years, provide fascinating insights into Timor-Leste's cultural heritage
• Ataúro Island: Known locally as Ilha de Ataúro, this idyllic island offers a peaceful escape with sparkling beaches, crystal-clear waters, and breathtaking coral reefs
• The Baucau Market: This bustling market in the town of Baucau is a must-visit destination, offering a distinctive and vibrant atmosphere
• The Santa Cruz Bassa Lagoon: This vast lagoon stretches over 26,000 square kilometers and is home to a diverse range of bird and marine life

National Holidays

• Independence Day (May 20): This public holiday is celebrated annually and commemorates Timor-Leste's independence
• Christmas Day (December 25)
• New Year's Day (January 1)
• Good Friday (Varies)
• Easter Sunday (Varies)
• Eid al-Fitr (Varies)
• All Saints' Day (November 1)

Political Stability

Timor-Leste is a relatively stable country, having gained independence from Indonesia in 2002. In recent years, the country has witnessed a significant increase in foreign investment, with the mining and commercial farming industries experiencing significant growth. The political environment is currently peaceful, and the country holds regular elections. However, corruption and poverty remain significant issues that the government continues to address.